The fresh new tokens one took place apparently less appear to post-CLC is actually exhibited in Desk 4

Such tokens are: symbols (elizabeth.g., , >, /, +, ^, =), numerals (elizabeth.grams., step one, 2, 3) acronyms, shortenings and you will contractions (e.g., t, k, ff, ni, mn, nie, jy, gwn, s, lol; and this refer to: het, dat, ok/ik, actually, niet, hem, niet, jij, gewoon, try, laugh aloud; translations: it, one to, ok/I, to have a bit Footnote seven , perhaps not, my, not, you, only, is), punctuation scratches (age.g., ! ? : ; but not the period and you can comma), pronouns (e.g., ik, jij, hem, hij, me, je, jou; translations: We, your, him, he, me, you/your), opinion-related adjectives/adverbs (age.grams., echt, lekker, mooi, goed, nieuwe, niks, leuk, zeker, mooie, super; translations: very, nice/tasty, nice/beautiful, good, brand new, absolutely nothing, nice/gorgeous, nice/as well, sure, sweet, super), and interjection terms (age.grams., ja, haha, nee, man, hoor, nou, hahaha, the guy, jaa, wow, jaaa, okay, screw, crap, wtf; translations: sure, haha, zero, boy, you realize, well, hahaha, hey/huh, yeah, impress, okay). The bottom line is, what you to taken place relatively more often pre-CLC represent mainly everyday words have fun with, including contractions, bizarre spellings, symbols and profanity.

Shape 9 gift suggestions the fresh cousin differences in POS incorporate after the CLC, compared to Standard-split up I and you can II

Dining table 5 gift ideas tokens one taken place seemingly with greater regularity article-CLC, such tokens were: content (i.e., de, het, een; translations: feminine/male this new, neuter new, a(n)), conjunctions (elizabeth.g., dentro de, away from, omdat, wanted, zodat; translations: and, or, because the, once the, to ensure that), prepositions (e.grams., door, inside the, om, fulfilled, more than, tijdens, aan, tot; translations: through/by the, inside, for/from the, having, about/more, through the, to/to the, until), auxiliary and hooking up verbs (e.grams., worden, hebben, zijn, moeten, kunnen, maken, willen; translations: getting, has, is actually, have to, is also, generate, want). Overall, the fresh new tokens one happened seemingly with greater regularity blog post-CLC depict significantly more official words incorporate as compared to the pre-CLC tokens into the Table 4.

Table 6 merchandise bigrams one taken place relatively more frequently pre-CLC. These bigrams primarily had been private pronoun + verb combos (i.age., ik ga, ik heb, ik ben, ik wil, ik dacht, heb je, ik moet, denk ik, ik kan, ik kom, ik got, ik was; translations: I am going, I’ve, I am, Needs, I thought, have you, I need to, I do believe, I am able to, I come, I experienced, I was). Once again, the results suggest that there is certainly apparently much more relaxed code utilize, that’s, relatively more frequent occurrences from self-referential code, which suggests a more personal and subjective words use.

New bigrams that occurred apparently more frequently post-CLC, within the Dining table eight, had been mainly prepositional phrases or preposition + blog post combinations (elizabeth.g., van de, van het, door de-, naar het, van een, om de-, more than de-, aan de, more het, inside het, fulfilled het, satisfied de, om het, bij het, om een, voor het; translations: about, on, of the, towards the, out-of an effective, in regards to the, along the, regarding, on, about/over the, because of the, inside the, on), suggesting more detailed meanings of one’s condition that is regarded on tweets. Importantly, the introduction of additional prepositions may explain the escalation in phrase size pursuing the CLC.

POS studies

Next hypothesis about a prospective rise in the usage adjectives, adverbs, articles, conjunctions, and prepositions, is examined using a beneficial POS study. Table 8 displays new cousin frequencies from POS categories. The newest CLC got a greater impact on POS utilize in contrast in order to baseline distinctions. Instance, the brand new CLC created an increase in employing blogs, conjunctives, and you will prepositions as compared to other POS kinds. This raise means that the fresh CLC changed the syntactic formations of tweets, which is also supported by the fresh finding that sentence duration increased. Quickly, new cousin regularity from adverbs and you will adjectives didn’t increase immediately after the latest CLC. Concurrently, the difference between Standard-split up I and you may Standard-separated II shows even more version anywhere between month step three and you will month cuatro compared to the week step one and you can day dos. This suggests a pattern about language usage initiated by CLC.